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Almost a century before Rosa Parks defied Alabamas racial segregation laws, Trinity graduate Dr. Alexander Thomas Augusta refused to give up his seat in the whites only section of a Washington DC streetcar. Alexander Thomas Augusta (March 8, 1825 - December 21, 1890) was a Surgeon, Professor of Medicine, and Civil War Veteran. Patrick Campbell (b. Pain, suffering, and premature death from disease have ravaged human beings from the beginning of recorded time. Find out more about the inauguration of the Fort McNair U.S. Army Health Clinic and its rich historydating back to the Civil War era. Augusta became the first African American commissioned medical officer in the United States Army when he was appointed surgeon with the Union Army in . On April 14, 1863, Augusta was commissioned (the first out of eight other black officers in the Civil War) as a major in the Union army and appointed head surgeon in the 7th U.S. Therefore, its best to use Encyclopedia.com citations as a starting point before checking the style against your school or publications requirements and the most-recent information available at these sites: http://www.chicagomanualofstyle.org/tools_citationguide.html. second century C.E. -A-Gabriel Alexander (Beverley Manor, 423 acres in Beverley Manor, 27 Feb. 1749 from Chalkley's), (b. bef. One of those physicians was Alexander Thomas Augusta (1825-1890), who was a contemporary of Osler's and who, like Osler, started his training in Toronto. Alexander ("Graham" was not added until he was 11) was born . (At left:Dr. Augustas tombstone at Arlington National Cemetery/ photo courtesy Arlington Cemetery), (This article originally appeared in U of T Magazine; for more articles visit:http://www.magazine.utoronto.ca/). He is currently working on a book about the untold story of Rebel Baltimore, General Lew Wallace, and a detective who saved the Union. Anno 422 Asclepiodotus comes sacrarum largitionum erat et a die 14 Februarii 423 ad usque 1 Februarii 425 praefectus praetorio per Orientem. From Norfolk, Virginia, as a young man Alexander Augusta first made his way to Baltimore, Maryland, where he worked. Blanchfield Army Community Hospital team members gathered to observe the 122nd anniversary of the Army Nurse Corps. This answer is: Home; Memorials; Cemeteries; Famous; Contribute; Register; . Alexander Graham Bell, (born March 3, 1847, Edinburgh, Scotlanddied August 2, 1922, Beinn Bhreagh, Cape Breton Island, Nova Scotia, Canada), Scottish-born American inventor, scientist, and teacher of the deaf whose foremost accomplishments were the invention of the telephone (1876) and the refinement of the phonograph (1886). This is likely due to a misunderstanding over his work at the House of Industry, founded in 1837 to house the citys disadvantaged Today we have an explanation for Alexanders death and his period of bodily freshness that relies less on the supernatural and more on science. "Alexander Thomas Augusta Alexander T. Augusta was freeborn in Norfolk, Virginia in 1825. In September 1868, he joined the faculty of Howard Universitys Medical School, becoming the first Black professor of medicine in U.S. history. Woodstock. in 1869 and A.M. in 1871 from Howard in recognition of his contributions.[10][11]. Therefore, be sure to refer to those guidelines when editing your bibliography or works cited list. window.__mirage2 = {petok:"yjDlPV6xyR83Zrdfne7SFY2Cfct0gg4ag395qRpqiLQ-86400-0"}; Nevertheless, he traveled to Washington, D.C., to plead his case and was finally accepted. Obituaries can vary in the amount of information they contain, but many of them are genealogical goldmines, including information such as: names, dates, place of birth and death, marriage information, and family relationships. Colored Infantry. in 1933. Some sources claim that Augusta headed the Toronto General Hospital, but no existing records show that he even worked there. And although he was omnivorous when it came to subject matter, he nevertheless had a favorite topicmedicine. After leaving the army, Augusta was briefly in charge of the Lincoln Freedmens Hospital in Savannah, Georgia, before he returned to Washington to set up a private practice. Augusta was born into a free Black family in Norfolk, Virginia on March 8, 1825. He then became the first black medical professor as one of the original faculty members of the newly formed Medical College at Howard University in Washington, D.C. best designer consignment stores los angeles; the hardest the office'' quiz buzzfeed; dividing decimals bus stop method worksheet; word for someone who doesn't take themselves too seriously of James Patton - John Smith formed a company in 1741 with Zacariah Lewis, William Waller, Ben Waller, Robert Green, and James Patton to take up and survey 100,000 acres between the waters of the James River and the Roanoke River. In 2018 Dr. Katherine Hall, a lecturer at Dunedin School of Medicine in New Zealand, proposed that Alexander the Great had Guillain-Barr syndrome, an acute autoimmune condition that results in . As he was determined to become a physician, Augusta travelled to California and earned the funds to pursue his goal of becoming a doctor. But the wartime violence he experienced came, all too often, from his own side. And eventually he went on to teach anatomy at Howard University. Carroll A. Chandigian (Alford) Carroll Chandigian, 85, of Brooklyn, NY, passed away on 2/24/23. Highest ranked black officer during the Civil War and the first black to hold a medical commission in the Union Army. Encyclopedias almanacs transcripts and maps, Science and Its Times: Understanding the Social Significance of Scientific Discovery. by. St. George. Alexander Thomas Augusta. kings point delray beach hoa fees; jeff green and jamychal green brothers; best thrift stores in the inland empire; amazon roll caps for cap gun; jackson dinky replacement neck Skip to main content. How Martin Luther King Jr.s legacy still affects us today. Then, copy and paste the text into your bibliography or works cited list. Born a freedman in Norfolk, Virginia, Augusta studied under private tutors and, in 1856, earned a medical degree from Trinity Medical College in Toronto. 1696, Ireland, d. 17 Mar. . His parents were free African Americans. As reported by the historian Arrian, at that point the king could no longer speakbut he struggled to raise his head and gave each man a greeting with his eyes.. Alexander T. Augusta died in Washington in 1890. Shortly after his arrival, Augusta enrolled as a medical student at the University of Torontos Trinity College. Augusta offered his services to the United States Army and in 1863, he was commissioned as major and the Army's first African-American physician; he became the first black hospital administrator in U.S. history while serving in the army. Later he was the attending surgeon to the Smallpox Hospital in Washington in 1870. Even in death Augusta broke the colour barrier. He wrote Massachusetts Senator Henry Wilson who raised his pay to the appropriate level for commissioned officers. After the military, Augusta was in charge of the Lincoln Hospital in Savannah, Georgia until 1868 when he started his own practice in Washington, D.C. Abbott died in Toronto on Dec. 29, 1913 at the age of 76. Alexander Thomas Augusta was born in 1825 to so-called free persons of color in Norfolk, Va. A naturally intelligent boy, he was curious about the world, hungry for knowledge and improvement, and, most important, driven by an unstoppable spirit. Predeceased by husband of 32 years Kermit, parents Frank and Mary, and brothers Peter and Mark . 604 Words3 Pages. Military medicine in the United States has both led and followed overall American medical practice. Success stories like Augustas were largely the result of a perfect storm of human qualitiespenetrating intelligence, fearlessness and determination, persistence, and a healthy sense of righteous indignation. Augusta applied to study medicine at the University of Pennsylvania but was refused admission. He moved to Baltimore, Maryland as a youth to work as a barber while pursuing a medical education. That morning, he left his home in a torrential downpour, and hoping to remain dry, hailed a streetcar. They were two physicians, Dr. Alexander Thomas Augustathe Army's first African-American physicianand his assistant Dr. Anderson Abbott. Alexander Thomas Augusta, physician, army officer, hospital administrator, professor, rights activist (born 9 March 1825 in Norfolk, Virginia; died 21 December 1890 in Washington, D.C.). He could excel without swimming against the currents of racial bigotry. Interred with full military honours, he became the first black officer buried at Arlington National Cemetery. Encyclopedia.com gives you the ability to cite reference entries and articles according to common styles from the Modern Language Association (MLA), The Chicago Manual of Style, and the American Psychological Association (APA). By the 1840s he had moved to Baltimore, Maryland, to begin studying . In 1853, Augusta and his wife moved to Toronto, where he enrolled in the medical faculty at Trinity College. In 1853, he moved to Toronto, where he studied medicine at Trinity College. During the American Civil War, Augusta was appointed surgeon of colored volunteers . He was the first of eight Black officers to serve during the war. Augusta applied to study medicine at the University of Pennsylvania but was refused . At military medical facilities all over the world, there's a good chance that a beneficiary will be treated by female physicians, but it wasn't always like that. how did alexander thomas augusta die. Augusta passed with flying colors and received both an appointment as the United States Armys first Black surgeon and a commission as a major, making him the highest ranking African American officer in the U.S. military. Read about U of Ts Statement of Land Acknowledgement. This set contains 10,447 records. Summerville. While every effort has been made to follow citation style rules, there may be some discrepancies. At that time he began to learn to read while working as a barber although it was illegal to do so in Virginia at that time. All Rights Reserved. Microfilm copies of these records are available at the Family History Library and Family History Centers. Dressed in his U.S. Army officers uniform, Augusta was physically ejected from the streetcar. At the age of 65, Augusta died in Washington, D.C. After earning his medical degree in Canada, Dr. Augusta offered his services to the U.S. military. He became the first black Army officer to be buried in the Arlington National . Died: January 13, 1977. Check Out a New DOD Way to Evaluate Pain, Remembering Dr. Alexander Augusta, the U.S. Armys First Black Doctor. On 1 January 1863, during the American Civil War (186165), President Abraham Lincoln signed the Emancipation Proclamation, allowing Black men to serve in the forces. He immediately wrote a letter that was published in several newspapers. 03/08/1825 to 12/21/1890. Last Edited. On July 11, 1804, Hamilton and Burr met for a duel in Weehawken, New Jersey. He became the first black Army officer to be buried in the Arlington National Cemetery. Nearly 80 years later, the battle of Iwo Jima is remembered as a memorial to the fallen, their service, and the sheer grit and resilience of those Navy corpsmen who answered the call. Company Information; FAQ; Stone Materials. Abbott died in 1913 at the age of 76. . Augusta also continued his crusade to desegregate DCs regional transit system. Six years later he received a degree in medicine. He opened a drugstore and surgical practice in the city and was the president of On February 1, 1864, Augusta wrote to Judge Advocate Captain C. W. Clippington about discrimination against African-American passengers on the streetcars of Washington, D.C.: Sir: I have the honor to report that I have been obstructed in getting to the court this morning by the conductor of car No. Published Online. West Point. "At that time, as I learned more about the fact that my mother didn't need to die prematurely, I knew I wanted to be a doctor," Dr. Gaston told Doximity. As Augusta later recalled: [W]hen I attempted to enter, the conductor pulled me back and informed me that I must ride on the front as it was against the rules for colored persons to ride inside. He got a supervised placement with Black doctor, U.S. born Alexander Thomas Augusta, then the head of Toronto City Hospital, . 2014-06-17 19:53:21. The new Defense Health Agency director pinned on her third star during a ceremony at Fort Myer Memorial Chapel, Virginia, on Jan. 20, 2023. Dr. Alexander T. Augusta died at home four days before Christmas, 1890. direction that the railroad company had to make all its cars equally available to all passengers, regardless of skin colour. 2019Encyclopedia.com | All rights reserved. Still, Augusta had never cowed to prejudicewhether it was encountered in learning how to read, going to medical school, or serving his native country in the fight for the Union and emancipation. Colored Troops. Dr. Alexander Thomas Augusta was a pioneer for Blacks in the 19th Century, paving the way for millions who would follow. The hospital had been founded in 1862 and was the first to provide medical care to former slaves. In 1964 an Ohio woman took up the challenge that had led to Amelia Earharts disappearance. (See also Black History in Canada until 1900; Racial Segregation of Black Students in Canadian Schools.). in 1856. Augusta was born in Norfolk, Virginia in 1825 to free African American parents. Determined to become a medical doctor, Alexander T. Augusta moved to various cities in search of employment to support his dream, finally graduating from medical school . His letter was printed in New York and Washington newspapers. Due to privacy laws, recent records may not be displayed. www.health.mil/Black-History-Month. Alexander Augusta swam forward against waves of racism to become the United State Army's first Black surgeon, This postwar image of Alexander Thomas Augusta was taken about the time he was at Howard University as the first African American professor of medicine, a position he had to fight long and hard to attain. Alexander Thomas Augusta was born on March 8, 1825 to free African Americans in Norfolk, Virginia. Changes begin immediately after death, beginning with the body temperature cooling. Augusta moved to Baltimore while still in his youth. They write new content and verify and edit content received from contributors. So when Alexander the Greats body seemingly remained unchanged for six days after his death in 323 BCE, his contemporaries could offer only one explanation. On another occasion when in uniform, Augusta was attacked on a Baltimore train. While there, he encouraged African-American self-help, urged the freedmen to support independent institutions, and gained respect from the city's white physicians. He died on December 2, 1890 at the age of 65 and was buried in Section 1 of Arlington National Cemetery. At the age of 65, Augusta died in Washington, D.C. Although the Defense Health Agency may or may not use these sites as additional distribution channels for Department of Defense information, it does not exercise editorial control over all of the information that you may find at these locations. Act. He received honorary degrees of M.D. On June 30, Thaddeus Rodregus Price, 22, of Augusta, was shot just before 1 a.m. at Sycamore Drive and Alpine Road . In addition to his work as a physician, Augusta cultivated a conspicuously public presence as a champion of racial equality. Augusta left Canada for the West Indies in about 1860, returning to Baltimore at the beginning of the American Civil War in 1861. White surgeons who worked In 1865, after the Civil War had ended, President Lincoln invited him to the White House. [7] He was a slaveholder but earlier in his career in St. Louis, Missouri, Bates had acted as defense counsel for enslaved persons in freedom suits. However, the date of retrieval is often important. On January 15, 1870, Augusta co-founded the National Medical Society of the District of Columbia, which accepted black and white members. (Jan 7, 1863 letter from Dr. Augusta to President Lincoln/ photo courtesy National Archives and Records Administration). Augusta was the first Black hospital administrator and Black medical professor in the United States. ), Alexander v. Holmes County Board of Education, Alexander v. Holmes County Board of Education 396 U.S. 19 (1969), https://www.encyclopedia.com/science/encyclopedias-almanacs-transcripts-and-maps/alexander-thomas-augusta. According to some sources, the school denied his application because he was inadequately prepared for the curriculum. February 3, 2015. This appointment made Augusta the first Black Alexander Thomas Augusta was born in Norfolk, Virginia, in 1825. the Union army. HistoryNet.com is brought to you by HistoryNet LLC, the worlds largest publisher of history magazines. Transplant surgeon Anderson Ruffin Abbott, doctor, surgeon (born 7 April 1837 in Toronto, Upper Canada; died 29 December 1913 in Toronto, ON ). I therefore most respectfully request that the offender may be arrested and brought to punishment. Within two years, Augusta was promoted to lieutenant colonel and became the highest-ranking black officer in the U.S. military. A year later, Congress ruled that all streetcars in Washington had to be desegregated. 0% of the voters think that Alexander Thomas Augusta did do drugs regularly, 0% assume that Alexander . (One likely apocryphal account claims that this incident occurred directly after he attempted, when challenged, to drink an entire krater of wine in one sitting; a krater, a container that might be likened to a punch bowl, was typically filled with up to six quarts of wine and water.) He also served on the staff of the local Freedmen's Hospital, which he had directed for a period during the war. Alexander Augusta was the first African-American surgeon in the Union Army during the Civil War. This simple statement moved the board to give the 38-year-old physician a chance at the qualifying exams. December 13, 1934. The most comprehensive and authoritative history site on the Internet. As reported by Plutarch, Alexanders body did not begin to show the typical signs of decay: His body, although it lay without special care in places that were moist and stifling, showed no sign of such a destructive influence, but remained pure and fresh. During the six days that passed before the body was prepared for burial, no physical changes were noticed at all. He died there and Valentine Zinn is his son and heir at law. On June 9, 1869, Augusta and Charles Burleigh Purvis were proposed for membership of the Medical Society of DC, a branch of the American Medical Association. Augusta, GA. Hamilton's shot missed, in fact, some historians believe Hamilton never intended to hit Burr, but meant . Augusta proved to be a good friend and mentor. Increasingly well read, Augusta set out for Baltimore, Md., in 1847. His parents were free African Americans. Dressed in his U.S. Army officer's uniform, Augusta was physically ejected from the streetcar. Augusta was born to free African-American parents in Norfolk, Virginia. The railroad was prohibited by its federal charter from discrimination against passengers because of race.[9]. Aged . Englishtainment. Alexander passed away on December 21 1890, at age 65 in Washington, D.C.. Find family history information in a whole new way. Celebrate. He also founded the Provincial Association for the Education and Elevation of the Coloured People of Canada, a literary society that donated books and other school supplies to black children. 8, 9 Augusta was born a freeman in Norfolk, Virginia, and secretly learned to read. Augusta, GA. How old was James Alexander Reeder when died? Winnsboro. The state had restricted rights of free people of color following the Nat Turner slave rebellion of 1831. He died in December 1890 at age 65, his headstone at Arlington bearing mere traces of the full life he lived. Watkinsville. AKA Alexander Thomas Augusta. November 27, 2013. The Ireland Army Health Clinic, in Fort Knox, Kentucky, was recently awarded The Join Commission Gold Seal accreditation in both ambulatory services and behavioral health and human services. Whites did everything in their power to keep Blacks from organizing, including efforts to hold them back intellectually. Within the Cite this article tool, pick a style to see how all available information looks when formatted according to that style. It was stopped for me and when I attempted to enter the conductor pulled me back, and informed me that I must ride on the front with the driver as it was against the rules for colored persons to ride inside. The case went to the Supreme Court. Do you find this information helpful? Brown also received $1,500 in compensation. But not everyone was impressed. He supported local antislavery activities, which supported the American movement. Perhaps he had contracted malaria. June 2, 2022. 2601 Wheeler Rd, Augusta, GA 30904 (706) 733-3601. Wanda Sue Miller (Green) Wanda Sue Miller, 72, entered into rest on Saturday, February 25, 2023. At the age of 65, Augusta died in Washington, D.C. He died at his home in Washington in 1890, just four days before Christmas 1890. Westover Memorial Park. On February 1, he had to be in nearby Washington to give testimony in a court-martial regarding the murder of a Black man. Military medici, The American Medical Association (AMA) is a federation of state and territorial medical associations. Walterboro. Yale Medicine Thesis Digital Library. https://www.encyclopedia.com/science/encyclopedias-almanacs-transcripts-and-maps/alexander-thomas-augusta, "Alexander Thomas Augusta She was the inaugural recipient of the Walter Gray Crump Sr., M.D., Scholarship, created in 1928 specifically to support minority medical students. ." Growing up in Baltimore, he worked as a barber while he pursued his dream of attending medical school. Birthplace: Norfolk, VA Location of death: Washington, DC Cause of death: unspecified Remain. (February 23, 2023). Rep. Com. He served as the Regimental Surgeon of the Seventh U.S. He was awarded a promotion to lieutenant colonel in March 1865. He became a surgeon for African American troops, making him the Army's first African American doctor. memorial page for Thomas Augusta "Tommie" Alexander (31 Mar 1896-11 Jul 1962), Find a Grave Memorial ID 167340972, citing Edgewood Memorial Park . Our team will be reviewing your submission and get back to you with any further questions. Just beyond the Old Post Chapel entrance gate at Arlington National Cemetery in Arlington, Va., stands an obelisk headstone bearing a detailed yet spartan inscription: Commissioned surgeon of colored volunteers, April 4, 1863, with rank of Major. Alexander Thomas Augusta was born to free parents of color in Norfolk, Virginia on March 9, 1825. Science and Its Times: Understanding the Social Significance of Scientific Discovery. Augusta was the son of free Black parents. The United States Army's first African American physician and highest ranking African American officer in the army during the Civil War, Alexander Thomas Augusta was born on . He became the first black Army officer to be buried in the Arlington National . History is a guide to navigation in perilous times. In a letter to President Abraham Lincoln, he offered his services as a surgeon. In 1865 Augusta wrote a letter to Major General Lewis Wallace, protesting the unequal treatment of African-American train passengers, who were forced to sit in segregated sections. Image courtesy of Max Brodel. Born in 31 Mar 1896 and died in 11 Jul 1962 North Little Rock, Arkansas Thomas Augusta "Tommie" Alexander. The new director of the Defense Health Agency, U.S. Army Maj. Gen. Telita Crosland accepted her new role as leader of the Department of Defenses medical agency. Winder. the Association for the Education of Coloured People in Canada. We'll take a look at how Naval Medical Center San Diego is honoring the history of women in military medicine and their role in how far medicine has come along. A Alexander Thomas, a child psychiatrist who served as director of psychiatry at Bellevue and whose research revealed much about the nature of human temperament, died on Wednesday at St. Luke's Hospital in Manhattan . to pursue their careers, which contributed directly to the early success of Howard University Medical School. . Died. Despite his success in Canada, with war raging south of the border, Augusta felt duty bound to use his medical training in support of my race. On Jan. 7, 1863, less than a week after the Emancipation Proclamation authorized black men to serve, Augusta wrote to President Lincoln requesting to be appointed as a physician to the newly created colored regiments in the Union Army. Cobb, W. Montague 19041990 2343, Middle Dept. Today we know all about what happens to our bodies after we die. Ask the Doc: My Friend Drinks Too Much. Colored Troops, working as senior surgeon at Camp Stanton in Maryland. . Howard University had been founded the previous year as a university for the higher education of Black students. Therefore, that information is unavailable for most Encyclopedia.com content. Augusta, however, vigorously pursued his ambitions; one of them was reading. Few areas of the world have been as hotly contested as the India-Pakistan border. American physician who was the first black surgeon in the U.S. Army. He sought a medical education in Canada after being denied admittance to medical school in the United States because of his color. He also served at the Smallpox Hospital and Freedmans Hospital, both in D.C. Get faculty and staff news delivered straight to your inbox. He was also appointed to lead the Freedman's Hospital in Washington, D.C., in 1863, becoming the first black hospital administrator in U.S. Commissioned regimental surgeon of the 7th Regiment of US. Science and Its Times: Understanding the Social Significance of Scientific Discovery. Subscribe to receive our weekly newsletter with top stories from master historians. From his very first memories, he wanted to become a doctor. Alexander Augusta is a part of US Black heritage. The highest ranking of those Black officers was Alexander Thomas Augusta, who left the U.S. Army in 1866 with the rank of brevet lieutenant colonel. Alexander Thomas Augusta was the highest-ranking black officer in the Union Army during the Civil War. Army Lt. Col. (Dr.) Alexander T. Augusta's tomb can be found in Section 1, at Grave 124A. While we cant travel back in time to confirm Halls theory, it is the only one that takes into account all the details of Alexanders deathand his bodys mysterious life. At an early age, he learned to read and write, although it was illegal for blacks to . Alexander Thomas Augusta, born in Virginia and a graduate of Trinity Medical College of the University of Toronto, was the first African American to be commissioned as a major (Surgeon) in the Union Army. He retired from the army in 1866. A PDF reader is required for viewing. By 1850, Augusta and his wife moved to Toronto, Ontario, Canada where he was accepted by the Medical College at the University of Toronto where he received an M.B. On February 10, 1864, Massachusetts Senator Charles Sumner introduced a resolution in Congress: Resolved, That the Committee on the District of Columbia be directed to consider the expediency of further providing by law against the exclusion of colored persons from the equal enjoyment of all railroad privileges in the District of Columbia. Alexander Thomas Augusta (March 8, 1825 - December 21, 1890) was a surgeon, veteran of the American Civil War, and the first black professor of medicine in the United States. Who is Alexander Thomas? As a result, in 1863 Lincoln appointed him as head of the Freedmens Hospital in northwest Washington, D.C. international bridge wait time. [12] Augusta feared such exclusion from a professional society would impede the progress of younger African-American physicians in the city, and worked against such racial discrimination. When Augusta attempted to enter the tram, the conductor pulled him outside, forcing him to walk. Shortly after landing in Baltimore, Augusta moved to Philadelphia with hopes of studying medicine at the University of Pennsylvania. https://www.historynet.com/meet-the-u-s-armys-first-black-surgeon-alexander-augusta/, Jerrie Mock: Record-Breaking American Female Pilot, When 21 Sikh Soldiers Fought the Odds Against 10,000 Pashtun Warriors, Few Red Tails Remain: Tuskegee Airman Dies at 96. there until 1877. Almost a century before Rosa Parks defied Alabama's racial segregation laws, Trinity graduate Dr. Alexander Thomas Augusta refused to give up his seat in the "whites only" section of a Washington DC streetcar. Unsurprisingly, Augusta fought backall the way to Congressbut never gained entry into the DC medical society. When Alexander was declared dead on June 13, theories began forming. In 1868, the Freedmens Hospital became a teaching hospital for Howard University people, then referred to as the deserving poor. Some sources refer to the House of Industry as the Toronto City Hospital and subsequently confused it with Toronto General Hospital.