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Cambodia, which it was sought to conquer under cloak of converting; and many other [3][4], Antonio de Morga's Sucesos De Las Islas Filipinas has been recognized as a first-hand account of Spanish colonial venture in Asia during the 16th century. "Our whole aspiration" he declared, "is to educate our nation; education and mode education! That even now there are to be found here so many tribes and settlements of non-Christians takes away much of the prestige of that religious zeal which in the easy life in towns of wealth, liberal and fond of display, grows lethargic. a plan whereby the King of Spain should become also King of Japan. Spaniards, hence he was distinguished as 4"ancient." The expedition of Villalobos, intermediate between Magellan's and Legaspi's, gave the name "Philipina" to one of the southern islands, Tendaya, now perhaps Leyte, and this name later was extended to the whole archipelago. The app supplies readers with the freedom to access their materials anywhere at any time and the ability to customize preferences like text size, font type, page color, and more. MS Filipinas 340, lib. Retana, who describes Morga's first wife as being as fertile as a rabbit, estimates that there were at least 16 children by the marriage. [5], Sucesos De Las Islas Filipinas is based on Antonio de Morga's personal experiences and other documentations from eye-witnesses of the events such as the survivors of Miguel Lpez de Legazpi's Philippine expedition. Ana, with 122,000 gold pesos, a great quantity of rich textiles-silks, satins and damask, A new edition of First Series 39. The "easy virtue" of the native women that historians note is not solely attributable to the simplicity with which they obeyed their natural instincts but much more due to a religious belief of which Father Chirino tells. Tondo, with his sons and his kinsmen went, too, with 200 more Bisayans and they were greater importance since he came to be a sort of counsellor or representative to the The first English translation was published in London in 1868 and another English . Chirino relates an anecdote of his coolness under fire once during a The term "conquest" is admissible but for a part of the islands and then only in its broadest sense. Cebu, which Morga calls "The City of the Most Holy Name of Jesus," was at first called "The village of San Miguel.". Rizal was greatly impressed by Morgas work that he, himself, decided to government official for 43 years in the Philippines (1594-1604), New Spain and Peru. absolute monarch of that epoch. The artillery cast for the new stone fort in Manila, says Morga, was by the hand of an ancient Filipino. Gordillo, Pedro Aguilar's Alivio de mercaderes (Mexico, 1610)Google Scholar according to Medina, J. T., La Imprenta en Mexico, 15391821, II (Santiago de Chile, 1907), 49.Google Scholar, 23. Este paraso de aguas cristalinas se encuentra en el . Important Points Sucesos De Las Islas Filipinas is the first book to tackle the Philippine history. By continuing to use the website, you consent to our use of cookies. Yet all of this is as nothing in comparison with so many captives gone, such a great number of soldiers killed in expeditions, islands depopulated, their inhabitants sold as slaves by the Spaniards themselves, the death of industry, the demoralization of the Filipinos, and so forth, and so forth. Name ______________________________________ Score _____________, Course and Section _________________________ Date ______________. The Chinaman, who likes shark's meat, cannot bear Roquefort. If the work serves to awaken Translated and edited by James S. Cummins, Reader in Spanish, University College, London. attributable to the simplicity with which they obeyed their natural instincts but much Yet all of this is as nothing in comparison with. residence. Morgas work, eating snails, while in turn the Spanish find roast beef English-style repugnant and can't No one has a monopoly of the true God nor is there any nation or religion that can claim, or at any rate prove, that to it has been given the exclusive right to the Creator of all things or sole knowledge of His real being. of the funeral of Governor Dasmarias' predecessor, Governor Ronquillo, was made, December 28, 1970 A doctorate in canon law and civil law Jeronimo de Jesus', Archivum Franciscanum Historicum, XXII (1929), 204n)Google Scholar. Morga's work is based on personal experiences, or on documentation from eye-witnesses of the events described. peace. REFLECTION. according to the Jesuit historian Chirino, with hardwood pillars around which two men Three centuries ago it was the custom to write as intolerantly as Morga does, but Colin says the ancient Filipinos had minstrels who had memorized songs telling their genealogies and of the deeds ascribed to their deities. Annotations to Dr. Antonio Morga's Sucesos de las Islas Filipinas (1609) (Translated by Austin Craig) As a child Jos Rizal heard from his uncle, Jos Alberto, about a ancient history of the Philippines written by a Spaniard named Antonio de Morga. True Dr. Jose Rizal found Dr. Antonio de Morga's Sucesos de las Islas Filipinas in London Museum Library on May 24, 1888. But the historian Gaspar de San Agustin states that the reason for the revolt was the governor's abusive language and his threatening the rowers. joined by other Filipinos in Pangasinan. II (London, 1625), 75Google Scholar Morga's personal help for the Franciscans' Japan mission is revealed in the letter from the martyr fray Martin de la Ascension (Sucesos, chapter vi). While in London, Rizal immediately acquainted himself with the British Museum where he found one of the few remaining copies of Morgas Sucesos. Dr. Jose Rizal found Dr. Antonio de Morga's Sucesos de las Islas Filipinas in London Museum Library on May 24, 1888. At the end of the lesson, the students should be able to: Analyze Rizals ideas on how to rewrite the Philippine History. ESSAY. and colorful.. Among the Filipinos who aided the government when the Manila Chinese revolted, Argensola says there were 4,000 Pampangans "armed after the way of their land, with bows and arrows, short lances, shields, and broad and long daggers." Governor Antonio de Morga was not only the first to write but also the first to publish a Philippine history. He was also in command of the Spanish ships in a 1600 naval battle against Dutch corsairs, but suffered defeat and barely survived. Islands. Where the spanish rule was exposed of what was happening in the Philippines under their regime. Though not mentioned by Morga, the Cebuano aided the Spaniards in their expedition against Manila, for which reason they were long exempted from tribute. The southern islands, the Bisayas, were also called "The Land of the Painted People (or Pintados, in Spanish)" because the natives had their bodies decorated with tracings made with fire, somewhat like tattooing. Of the government of Dr. Santiago de Vera 5. done so, so one must infer that he had seen the work in manuscript before leaving the He it was who saved Manila from Li Ma-hong. Accordingly Legaspi did not arrive in Manila on the 19th but on the 20th of May and consequently it was not on the festival of Santa Potenciana but on San Baudelio's day. In fact, this book is considered valuable in the sense that it reflects the first formal record of the earliest days of the Philippines as a Spanish colony. Cummins. Perhaps "to make peace" According to other historians it was in 1570 that Manila was burned, and with it a great plant for manufacturing artillery. Activity/ Evaluation 10 Instructions: In not more than 5 sentences each. Historians have confused these personages. Compare and contrast Rizal and Morgas different views about Filipinos and celebrated Silonga, later distinguished for many deeds in raids on the Bisayas and to the Spaniards by a Filipina, the wife of a soldier, and many concerned lost their lives. Discussed in the first seven chapters of the book. Torres-Navas, , V, items No. The first English translation was published in London in 1868 and another English translation by Blair and Robertson was published in Cleveland in 1907. and helmets, of which there are specimens in various European museums, attest their It was Dr. Blumentritt, a those who had "pacified" them, he means "divided up among." 7870). "The women were very expert in lacemaking, so much so that they were not at In the Spanish expedition to replace on its throne a Sirela or Malaela, as he is Kagayans and Pampangans. there were always more Filipinos fighting than Spaniards. Answer the following questions. It is notable how strictly the earlier Spanish governors were held to account. Indeed, for Rizal, the conquest of Spaniards contributed in part to the decline of Philippines rich tradition and culture. We have the testimony of several Dominican and Augustinian missionaries that it was impossible to go anywhere to make conversions without other Filipinos along and a guard of soldiers. the Pacific Ocean. threats and violence of encomenderos and Spanish soldiers. All these because of their brave defense were put ashore with ample supplies, except two Japanese lads, three Filipinos, a Portuguese and a skilled Spanish pilot whom he kept as guides in his further voyaging. twenty-seven and is the only encomendero recorded to have left the great part of his Still the Spaniards say that the Filipinos have contributed nothing to Mother Spain, and that it is the islands which owe everything. Portuguese religious propaganda to have political motives back of the missionary You have learned the differences between Rizal and Morgas view on Filipino culture. under guise of preaching the faith and making Christians, they should win over the (y Lanzas, P. Torres and Nayas, F., Callogo de los documentos relativos a las islas Filipinos, III (Barcelona, 1928), 99).Google Scholar, 5. been preserved as from them it would have been possible to learn much of the Filipinos' Enormous indeed would the benefits which that sacred civilization brought to the archipelago have to be in order to counterbalance so heavy a-cost. Antonio de Morga was an official of the colonial bureaucracy in Manila and could consequently draw upon much material that would otherwise have been inaccessible. Spaniards. The importation of Spanish civilization did not necessarily, and certainly not in all spheres of interest, improved the state of the Philippines. From the first edition, Mexico, 1609. Rizal through his annotation showed that Filipinos had developed culture even . She came from Uceda and was connected with powerful Sandoval family. (This is a veiled allusion to the old Latin saying of Romans, often quoted by Spaniard's, that they made a desert, calling it making peace. Also, chronicles by Spanish colonial officials or the non religious were rare, making Morga, for over two centuries, the only nonspiritual general history of the Philippines in print. It was not Ubal's fault that he was could not reach, and in harmony with this massiveness was all the woodwork above and The annotations of Morga's book were finally finished, and they came out in 1890. In the time of Governor Gomez Perez Dasmarias, Manila was guarded against further damage such as was suffered from Li Ma-hong by the construction of a massive stone wall around it. To learn more about our eBooks, visit the links below: An account of the history of the Spanish colony in the Philippines during the 16th century. Two others died before he reached Manila. To entrust a province was then For instance, the comment that Morga is now Alcalde de Corte in Mexico, but he deserves a higher and better post (Breve et veridique relation des evenements du Cambodge par Gabriel Quiroga de San Antonio Valladolid, 1604, ed. 17. Morga himself says, further on in telling of the pirate raids from the south, 28. Feature Flags: { are worthy of admiration and some of them are richly damascened. 8. It visualizes the image of the country in the hands of the colonizers and the policies of the Spaniards regarding trade. The expedition which followed the Chinese corsair Li Ma-hong, after his by Morga, Antonio de, 1559-1636. which is based partly on documentary research, keen observation, and partly on his "They were very courteous and well-mannered," says San Yet there were repeated shipwrecks of the vessels that carried from the Philippines wealth which encomenderos had extorted from the Filipinos, using force, or making their own laws, and, when not using these open means, cheating by the weights and measures. The muskets used by the Buhahayens were probably some that had belonged to. It was Ubal. Antonio de Morga: Sucesos de las Islas Filipinas. Retana, , 23541Google Scholar; Blair, E. H. and Robertson, J. To prove his point and refute the accusations of prejudiced Spanish writers against his race, Rizal annotated the book, Sucesos de las Islas Filipinas, written by the Spaniard Antonio Morga. 4154; 91, Item No. the left. which by fire and sword he would preserve in its purity in the Philippines. 3099067 5 Howick Place | London | SW1P 1WG 2023 Informa UK Limited, Cummins, J.S. Sucesos de las Islas Filipinas (English: Events in the Philippine Islands) is a book written and published by Antonio de Morga considered one of the most important works on the early history of the Spanish colonization of the Philippines. That the Spaniards used the word "discover" very carelessly may be seen from Father Chirino's work, printed at Rome in fine qualities, talent and personal bravery, all won the admiration of the Filipinos. Islas Filipinas, which, according to many scholars, had an honest description of the understand the relish of other Europeans for beefsteak a la Tartar which to them is 26. In his 200 ships, besides 900 Spaniards, there must have been Filipinos for one chronicler speaks of Indians, as the Spaniards called the natives of the Philippines, who lost their lives and others who were made captives when the Chinese rowers mutinied. It is worthy of note that China, Japan and Cambodia at this time maintained relations with the Philippines. could not pass unless she had a husband or lover to extend a hand to assist her. When Morga says that the lands were "entrusted" (given as encomiendas) to those who had "pacified" them, he means "divided up among." The Buhahayen people were in their own country, and had neither offended nor declared war upon the Spaniards. And if there are Christians in the Carolines, that is due to To learn how to manage your cookie settings, please see our Cookie Policy. of Magellan's expedition when it seized the shipping of friendly islands and even of representative then but may not have one now. The Filipino plant was burned with all that was in it save a dozen large cannons and some smaller pieces which the Spanish invaders took back with them to Panay. An account of the Philippines Islands, political measures undertaken of the first eleven governor-generals of the philippines. He found it to be civil, as opposed to the religious history of the Philippines written during the colonial period. treaties of friendship and alliances for reciprocity. nowadays it would be called a bit presumptuous. the Filipinos, using force, or making their own laws, and, when not using these open Prices & shipping based on shipping country. These were chanted on our own day consider Christians. The word "en trust," like Philippine treasury not only for those who come to the Philippines but also for those who The discovery, conquest and conversion cost Spanish blood but still more Filipino blood. With this preparation, It is difficult to excuse the missionaries' disregard of the laws of nations and the usages of honorable politics in their interference in Cambodia on the ground that it was to spread the Faith. had not its emperors uprooted Catholicism? Published From the earliest Spanish days ships were built in the islands, which might be considered evidence of native culture. 38. as in so many others, the modern or present-day Filipinos are not so far advanced as religious chroniclers who were accustomed to see the avenging hand of God in the (5 points) Before the annotation of Morga's book, he finds it for him to know what are the content and being stated on the book, thus he corrects the misleading . The islands came under Spanish sovereignty and control through compacts, treaties of friendship and alliances for reciprocity. This knowledge about an ancient Philippine history written by a Spaniard came from the English Governor of Hong Kong, Sir John Browning, who had once paid his uncle a visit . Filipinos had had minstrels who had memorized songs telling their genealogies and of the deeds ascribed to their deities. The image of the Holy Child of Cebu, which many religious writers believed was brought to Cebu by the angels, was in fact given by the worthy Italian chronicler of Magellan's expedition, the Chevalier Pigafetta, to the Cebuano queen. uncle, Jose Alberto, This knowledge about an ancient Philippine history written by a Hakluyt Society, Published Began with Miguel Lopez de Legaspi in 1564 to Pedro de Acuiia died in June 1606. Legaspi's grandson, Salcedo, called the Hernando Cortez of the Philippines, was the "conqueror's" intelligent right arm and the hero of the "conquest." They depopulated the country and bankrupted the treasury, with not the slightest compensating benefit. voyages in cadence with the rowing, or at festivals, or funerals, or wherever there Despite the colonizers claim that they were solely responsible for refining the Philippine islands, Rizals beliefs say otherwise. Yet there were repeated shipwrecks of the It neither is, nor ought to be, decayed. The early conspiracy of the Manila and Pampangan former chiefs was revealed He was also a historian. He sent an account of this voyage back to Spain on 20 May 1594, from Vera Cruz. The chiefs used to wear upper garments, usually of Indian fine gauze according Figueroa's soldiers who had died in battle. Publication date 1609 Topics Philippines -- History -- 1521-1812, Philippines -- Description and travel Publisher En Mexico. If the work serves to awaken in you a consciousness of our past, and to blot from your memory or to rectify what has been falsified or is calumny, then I shall not have labored in vain. were not Spaniards skilled enough to take his place, nor were his sons as expert as he. Both these authors' allegations may have contributed, but more important was the fact that there was no law to compel these Chinamen to row in the galleys. As a lawyer, it is obvious that he would hardly fail to seek such evidence. The Japanese were not in error when they suspected the Spanish and The study of ethnology The Jesuit, Father Alonso Sanchez, who visited the papal court at Rome and the Spanish King at Madrid, had a mission much like that of deputies now, but of even greater importance since he came to be a sort of counsellor or representative to the absolute monarch of that epoch. The book that describes the events inside and outside of the country from 1493 to 1603, including the history of the Philippines. But after the natives were disarmed the pirates pillaged them with impunity, In order to understand these, let us take a look at some of the most important annotations of Rizal. Rizal through his annotation showed that Filipinos had developed culture even . But Morga could have made the same claim for himself he often gives the full text of letters and documents to support his statements. I say "by the inhabitants Discuss the points of Rizal in saying that the native populations in Bisayan usage then was the same procedure that the Japanese today follow. Father Chirino's work, printed at Rome in 1604, is rather a chronicle of the Missions than a history of the Philippines; still it contains a great deal of valuable material on usages and customs. A Dominican brother describes a colleague's love of penance; he showed no longing to return to Spain, a rare thing indeed here. 18. The Buhahayen people were in their own Meanings for SUCESOS DE LAS ISLAS FILIPINAS A book written by Antonio de Morga was published in the year 1609 that is available in the Kindle store. Course and Section _________________________ Date______________, Name______________________________________ Score_____________. Ancient traditions ascribe the origin of the Malay Filipinos to the island of Among the Malate residents were the families of Raja Matanda and Raja slight though it may be, we can all pass to the study of the future.. great advancement in this industry. In The Spaniards, says Morga, were accustomed to hold as slaves such natives as His honesty and Torres-Navas, , IV, 146, 148, 172; V, 59.Google Scholar, 20.