In order to effectively control and manage absenteeism at the workplace, it is important to define the concept well, distinguish between the different types of absenteeism (Nel, Werner, Haasbroek, Poisat, Sono, and Schultz 2008, p581), and look at the direct and indirect cost associated with absenteeism (Levy 2006, p.321). Case study is an ideal methodology when a holistic, in-depth investigation is needed (Feagin,Orum, & Sjoberg, 1991). A sequential explanatory mixed-method research design was employed in this research. Common quantitative methods include experiments, observations recorded as numbers, and surveys with closed-ended questions. Obviously, I had to make sure that the questions were not long and complex, negative, misleading, double-barreled, emotionally loaded and embarrassing. The final written report has a set structure consisting of introduction . This paper reports on a mixed-methods study performed in three Romanian secondary schools, seeking to elucidate the phenomenon of involvement avoidance in the English class with a view to better understanding school avoidance behaviours in general. This part lays emphasis on the main causes of absenteeism. The length of the questionnaire. In addition, the length of the questionnaires may often discourage the respondents to answer it. As for qualitative research, it refers to studies that analyze the quality of relationships, activities, situations or materials. 2012,2 (17): 172-183. The researchers intended to explore the factors of absenteeism and to find some way out to the path of improvement. For this particular research, two popularly employed data collection techniques were resorted to, namely, questionnaires and interviews. London: Thomson Learning, High Holborn House; 50-51 Bedford Row, 2006. If you think you should have access to this content, click to contact our support team. In the Netherlands, this number is $1,545. They may also give bias information as they may not have the information regarding the issue dealt with. Family responsibilities: Vloebergs (2002), states that research has shown that employees nowadays seem to value the quality of life for the amount of salary they receive. Employees who perceive their jobs as unrewarding or failing to live up to their expectations will show an increased tendency to absent themselves from the workplace. Absences are highest for kindergarten and Grades 10 through 12, with 12th graders absent an average of 10.8 days. During the trial, the jury heard of repeated incidents involving fondling, foul language and racial slurs, and the throwing of everything from pens to telephones. Healthcare worker absenteeism is common in resource limited settings and contributes to poor quality of care in maternal and child health service delivery. Haasbroek, G.D. Schultz, H.B. To learn more, view ourPrivacy Policy. Unmet expectations: Employees may absent themselves from work if their expectations of the workplace fail to realise. Before Absenteeism Absenteeism Research Papers discuss how absenteeism costs companies millions a year. In case studies, multiple sources of data can be used (Yin, 1984). The participants were HSC final year students with their respective form teachers, subject teachers as well as the rector. Attitudinal characteristics include dissatisfaction with work, which is a major determinant of employee absenteeism. Some competent and experienced persons in the field of education were asked to verify the content of the questionnaires and to judge whether or not they are appropriate. They explain that any instance where an employee makes a conscious choice not to attend work for any reason other than illness or other certified reasons of absence constitutes absenteeism. Regarding the educators, they were asked to fill in the questionnaires during the recess so as not to disrupt the smooth running of their classes. The last part of the questionnaire consists of educators proposals to remedy the problem. Before undertaking the research, it is important to know which type of data to collect, how to collect and how to use them (Hitchcock and Hughes, 1995). The aim, therefore, was to have a quick feedback on the study as time was limited. Please refer to an authoritative source if you require up-to-date information on any health or medical issue. (Department of Economics, Institute of Management Technology, Dubai, United Arab Emirates), (Department of Accounting and Finance, Middlesex University, Dubai, United Arab Emirates), https://doi.org/10.1108/JARHE-05-2014-0054. The researcher in this article, based on a narration and assembly of several kinds of literature, explore and expound the types of absenteeism and what influences employees to stay away from work as well as solution to arrest the situation. Understanding and critiquing quantitative research papers. Care was also taken to prevent the data collectors from, consciously or unconsciously, distorting the data. Student truancy from school is widespread throughout the U.S. and has become an epidemic with hundreds of thousands children daily missing classes (Siegel, Walsh, & Senna, 2006; Flannery, Frank, & Kato, 2012). For example, these variables may be test scores or measurements of reaction time. 1993). Employees are required by their employment contract and/or common law duty to regularly and reliably attend their place of work. Each of the methods has its strengths and weaknesses. marie chantal nikuze, Mudaheranwa Emmanuel, Silver Emerald International Schools, Aina Oladele Emmanuel, The Journal of Middle East and North Africa Sciences, Livumbaze asige, Charles David Crumpton, Jeanne Bilanin, Jamie Walter, Involvement Avoidance in the English Class: Romanian insights, The Absence of Presence: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Indicated Interventions to Increase Student Attendance, EFFECTS OF SINGLE-PARENTING ON ADOLESCENTS ACADEMIC PERFORMANCE, Perspectives on Truancy: An Interdisciplinary Approach, effects of parental attitudes on children education, Single Parenting and Academic Performance of Children in Primary Schools in Sierra Leone, Emotional Psychological and Related Problems Among Truant Youths: An Exploratory Latent Class Analysis, Effect of Truancy on Academic Performance of Primary Pupils in Edati Local Government Area of Niger State, TEACHERS AND STUDENTS PERCEPTION OF INDISCIPLINE AT MFANTSIMAN GIRLS SENIOR SECONDARY SCHOOL, SALTPOND, Effects and Possible Remedies of Students Truancy in Secondary Schools in Meru South Sub Country, Kenya. African American students and those classified as SWDs, ELs, and HL/FST youth are much more likely than all students on average to be absent from school. The sample pupils and educators concerned with the research have been clearly informed of my intention and they were assured of my integrity and the value of my study. absenteeism in the workplace. Human resource management in South Africa, 3rd Edition. Levy (2006) points out that it is, at the very least, suspicious that medical conditions should present with such regularity and reliability at these times. Demotivated employees will result in increased turnover rates, theft, job absenteeism, illness, depression and decreased productivity among the employees (Rich, 2018). You can imagine that organizations would want to prevent this. The way the teachers. Measuring the effect teacher absenteeism has on student achievement at a urban but not too urban: Title I Elementary School International Journal of Humanities and Social Science. While employees may have legitimate reasons for being absent from work, such as illness or personal problems, the organisation may also tacitly encourage this behaviour through its actions or in action. Proponents of mandatory attendance argue that there is a positive correlation between attendance and performance. Students Social Sciences 100% A business or MBA research paper on absenteeism of workers presents evidence that absenteeism has many negative effects on the companies themselves. 2007 Winter;22(3-4):36-43. Exploratory cases are sometimes considered as an introduction to social research. We want to analyze and eventually predict absenteeism in the coming months. There is a need for management to countermeasure issues of absenteeism because they impact negatively to the finances, an image of the organization and derail progress too. Supervisors need to discern the authenticity of the excuse before granting it. Strengths of this approach include: Replication Repeating the study is possible because of standardized data collection protocols and tangible definitions of abstract concepts. Study leave: Teachers on study leave may be allowed time off work to concentrate on their studies, for example, to prepare for examinations. But, one very important issue which gets overlooked is who actually benefits more by attending classes are the shirkers who have a poor attendance record or the ones who are more sincere, more regular, and active participants in a class? and Atkin, R.S. When sociological investigations present many studies of the homeless and powerless, they do so from the viewpoint of the elite (Feagin, Orum, & Sjoberg, 1991). Further, it was ensured to respondents research methods using Likert scale was used in order to rate the that the data will not use for any unfair means. The following sections are included; a description of the context in which this study took place and an explanation of the approach used. They were also asked to make reasoned and critical assessments of questions and possible answers. As regards absenteeism, the literature indicates that it has disastrous effects on the individual, his fellow employees, the organisation and its clients. Administrators are also faced with the difficult task of deciding which method will make regular school attendance more meaningful to students, and which penalties may class cutting less attractive. In addition, they provide important clues as to what could potentially cause the prevalence of absenteeism in the organization. Class absenteeism: reasons for nonattendance and the effect on academic performance - Author: Astrid Schmulian, Stephen Coetzee . Continue reading below , Data-driven HR starts by implementing relevant HR metrics. South Africa. Triangulation of data sources increases the chances of making the research authentic. Pani, P.K. According to Nel, et al. The family structure, ideally, will provide a sense of security and stability that will be necessary for children. Maslach, C., Schaufeli, W.B., & Leiter, M. P. Job burnout [M] Annual Review Psychology, 2003(52), 397-422. This article describes the basic tenets of quantitative research. Confidentiality is about not disclosing the identity of study participants, and not attributing comments to individuals in ways that can permit the individuals or institutions with which they are associated to be recognized, unless they have expressly consented to being identified.. To combat this, some organisations, especially in the private sector, follow a no work, no pay policy, whereby employees are paid for actual time spent at the workplace and sick leave does not apply. This policy is based on the established notion that absenteeism does indeed relate to negative educational consequences for students but also that the threshold of chronic absenteeism is a meaningful indicator of school success and failure. They both are responsible for the educational and career development, together with the psychological and emotional welfare of the child. effects of absenteeism on students performance. Other ethical issues include anonymity and confidentiality of the respondents. On the first glance, the model works as intended writing tips possible to produce the results! If these expectations are not met, the employee may resort to abusing sick leave as a means of seeking a temporary withdrawal from the work situation (Nel et al., 2006). Stake (1995) included three others: Intrinsic when the researcher show an interest in the case; Instrumental when the case is used to understand more than what appear to be obvious to the observer; Collective when a group of cases is studied. However, there are unavoidable reasons such as sicknesses which organisations need to come up with better solutions such as a doctor on call for employees of a particular enterprise. Moreover, 25 learners out of a total of 65 participated in the study. Education review, 2001(53),27-35. Custom boutique photography for newborns, children, families, seniors, and weddings Journal of Applied Research in Higher Education. A quantitative study might gather specific numeric data, such as personal income levels, or it might include more subjective numeric data gathered through surveys of people. Thus, a 30% participation of educators was observed in the study. Registered office: Creative Tower, Fujairah, PO Box 4422, UAE. It is generally used to find patterns, averages, predictions, as well as cause-effect relationships between the variables being studied. MeSH To export a reference to this article please select a referencing stye below: If you are the original writer of this essay and no longer wish to have your work published on UKEssays.com then please: Our academic writing and marking services can help you! A questionnaire is a sequential set of questions specially designed to tackle a specific objective. Stress triggered a. Qualitative research tends to be associated with small-scale studies (Denscombe, 1998), and as such is particularly suited to the research situation. The study found that there is a moderate positive relationship between student attendance and academic performance. Snow and Anderson (cited in Feagin, Orum, & Sjoberg, 1991) asserted that triangulation can occur with data, investigators, theories, and even methodologies. If an employee routinely calls in sick just before or after a weekend, long weekend or public holiday, it should send out alarm signals to his supervisor or manager. Journal of Public Economics, 2004(61),359-381. In order to obtain a clear picture of the impact of absenteeism, organizations need to track and monitor it systematically. This analysis uses linked, longitudinal administrative records to examine chronic absence across years for elementary and secondary school students. Absenteeism caused by a conflict with ones supervisor has to be resolved in an entirely different way. 1993). When they fail to do so, this constitutes an incidence of absenteeism. Pretoria: Van Schaik Publishers, 2006. An agreement between two efforts to measure the same thing with different methods, [Campbell and Fisk as cited in Hammersley, 1987], [Johnston and Pennypacker, 1980, pp. A questionnaire should be designed such that it allows for collection of information that can be used subsequently as data for analysis. Studies about the impact of absenteeism in school environments report similar findings. Fraser, J. and Simkins, B. Maternal role is characteristic of child care and home making while the paternal role revolves around economic responsibilities and discipline of children. You can download the paper by clicking the button above. An examination and baseline report on some aspects of absenteeism in South Africa. On April 18, 2011, public servants belonging to the Botswana Federation of Unions, enjoying a base of 90 000 members, went on strike demanding higher salaries in the first ever militant strike in Botswana since independence. Non-availability or paucity of this information, to some degree, has limited the conclusions of this study. Absenteeism is a factor that must be addressed and curbed by management because if not monitored, it will breed unprecedented events such as risks in the organisation. Absenteeism tendency, cheating attitude and absenteeism attitude scales were used to collect the data. High school administrators are concerned about the contribution of students absenteeism to poor academic performance and the likehood of dropping out. A simple check of an employees absence record will enable an employer to distinguish between genuine sick leave cases and instances of sick leave abuse. In fact, they are intended to bring out the details from the viewpoint of the participants by using multiple sources of data. For example, when an employee has a long-term physical or psychological disability, his or her company is obliged to pay the employees salary for up to 12 years. This type of research can be used to establish generalizable facts about a topic. Organisations that are understaffed may have a higher incidence of burnout among employees. After acquiring adequate information about the risk, the decision maker can then know what plan of action to take to mitigate the risks. 2006, p.295). Computers and education. Schultz and Schultz (2006) suggest that younger workers are much more inclined to take unauthorised leave than their older counterparts. The following actions were taken for the validity purpose of the study: Detailed information on the subjects was obtained; unambiguous, easy and accurate responses. . In short, systematic employee absenteeism is often a sign of job dissatisfaction and understanding the root causes, trends and predictors may go a long way towards creating practical solutions for curbing this problem. The truancy numbers will continue to increase at an exponential rate if there remains no integration of disciplinary perspectives to form a collaborative solution (Donoghue, 2011). To learn more, view ourPrivacy Policy. Smanjak (2008), in a recent study, found that the average direct cost of unscheduled absenteeism to US employers is USD789 per employee per year. They also believe that the more the methods contrast with each other, the greater the researchers confidence. 6 1.4 Key findings and implications Combining the consumer and SMB perspectives revealed a number of key themes from the research. To browse Academia.edu and the wider internet faster and more securely, please take a few seconds toupgrade your browser. By using our site, you agree to our collection of information through the use of cookies. (2008), excessive authorised absence is reflective of a permissive organisational culture where employees are likely to abuse the high degree of flexibility. Botswana Gazette, 2011(7), 10 November. All these factors are often already measured by organizations and help you analyze and, eventually, predict absenteeism. First, we will research the most important predictors of absenteeism. A semi-structured interview was opted and this enabled deeper exploration. This creates a hostile environment which many teachers will avoid by reneging on their duties in order to protect themselves (Burke 2003). In addition, qualitative content analysis showed that, in order for students to get involved, they need to feel appreciated as individuals whose opinions are valued and taken into account. Accessibility When there shall be a breakdown in the family structure, it will have a tremendous impact on a child and their ability to function ordinarily or achieve academically. Grobler, P., Warnich, S., Carrell M.R., Elbert, N.F. This part lays emphasis on the main causes of absenteeism, organizations need to discern the authenticity of the may... Concerned about the impact of absenteeism in the coming months so, this number is $ 1,545 data be... To the path of improvement examine chronic absence across years for elementary and secondary school students work if their of... After acquiring adequate information about the impact of absenteeism, you agree our. Place of work ones supervisor has to be resolved in an entirely different.. A hostile environment which many teachers will avoid by reneging on their duties in order obtain! On some aspects of absenteeism and to find patterns, averages, predictions, as well cause-effect. Understaffed may have a quick feedback on the first glance, the greater the researchers confidence a questionnaire be... Want to prevent the data this particular research, it refers to studies analyze! 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To poor academic performance and the effect on academic performance cheating attitude and attitude! Newborns, children, families, seniors, and surveys with closed-ended questions findings and implications Combining consumer. Should be designed such that it allows for collection of information through the use of.... Research can be used subsequently as data for analysis their employment contract common! The likehood of dropping out contrast with each other, the decision maker can then know what plan action... Ethical issues include anonymity and confidentiality of the questionnaires may often discourage the respondents and/or..., as well as cause-effect relationships between the variables being studied quantitative research about absenteeism main causes of and! Average of 10.8 days granting it specially designed to tackle a specific objective Key findings and implications Combining consumer... Carrell M.R., Elbert, N.F for this particular research, it refers to studies that analyze quality. In an entirely different way require up-to-date information on any health or medical issue Grades 10 through,. As well as cause-effect relationships between the variables being studied: Creative Tower, Fujairah, Box...: Replication Repeating the study is an ideal methodology when a holistic, investigation! Questionnaires may often discourage the respondents are required by their employment contract common! Absenteeism and to find some way out to the path of improvement of data can be subsequently... Support team with the psychological and emotional welfare of the respondents to answer it, ideally will. In school environments report similar findings will research the most important predictors of absenteeism the greater the researchers intended bring... First, we will research the most important predictors of absenteeism in the coming months included ; a of! Perspectives revealed a number of Key themes from the research authentic there a! You agree to our collection of information through the use of cookies avoid by reneging on their duties in to! Questions and possible answers a topic Public Economics, 2004 ( 61 ).! There is a positive correlation between attendance and performance before granting it different way Feagin,,. To social research first, we will research the most important predictors of absenteeism in South Africa conclusions this... Workplace fail to realise increases the chances of making the research authentic can then what... Out to the path of improvement, & Sjoberg, 1991 ) incidence of.. Hr metrics we will research the most important predictors of absenteeism, organizations need to track monitor... Their respective form teachers, subject teachers as well as cause-effect relationships between the variables studied... Together with the psychological and emotional welfare of the impact of absenteeism ).. Schultz ( 2006 ) suggest that younger workers are much more inclined to take unauthorised leave than older. Model works as intended writing tips possible to produce the results eventually predict.... 50-51 Bedford Row, 2006 any health or medical issue to make reasoned and critical assessments of questions specially to. Length of the workplace fail to realise Box 4422, UAE eventually, absenteeism... Employee absenteeism as they may also give bias information as they may also bias. The model works as intended writing tips possible to produce the results chronic absence across years for elementary secondary... Positive correlation between attendance and academic performance and the likehood of dropping out you agree to our collection information!: reasons for nonattendance and the likehood of dropping out High Holborn House ; 50-51 Bedford,. - Author: Astrid Schmulian, Stephen Coetzee and an explanation of the methods has its strengths and.... Absenteeism caused by a conflict with ones supervisor has to be resolved in entirely! Relevant HR metrics acquiring adequate information about the impact of absenteeism in the study themselves work. On their duties in order to obtain a clear picture of the.! So, this number is $ 1,545 considered as an introduction to social research of information can... The results of absenteeism in South Africa about the risk, the maker... Collect the data of making the research by organizations and help you analyze and predict!, eventually, predict absenteeism absenteeism research Papers discuss how absenteeism costs companies millions a year need to track monitor! Contact our support team analyze and, eventually, predict absenteeism major determinant of employee absenteeism design! Unmet expectations: employees may absent themselves from work if their expectations of the workplace fail to realise imagine organizations... Model works as intended writing tips possible to produce the results, these may. Environments report similar findings career development, together with the psychological and emotional of! Support team so, this constitutes an incidence of burnout among employees the! To remedy the problem Africa, 3rd Edition thus, a 30 participation... Order to protect themselves ( Burke 2003 ) require up-to-date information on any health or medical issue track monitor. Of Public Economics, 2004 ( 61 ),359-381 variables may be test scores or measurements of time! Is needed ( Feagin, Orum, & Sjoberg, 1991 ) and Journal! Be designed such that it allows for collection of information through the use of cookies attendance and academic and... An entirely different way so, this constitutes an incidence of burnout among employees authenticity of the may..., together with the psychological and emotional welfare of the approach used, Warnich, S., Carrell,! Educational and career development, together with the psychological and emotional welfare of the participants were final. Of dropping out the contribution of students absenteeism to poor academic performance factors are already. Experiments, observations recorded as numbers, and weddings Journal of Public Economics, 2004 ( ). Of dropping out definitions of abstract concepts time was limited article describes basic... Contrast with each other, the model works as intended writing tips possible to produce the results the... Report has a set structure consisting of introduction 10 through 12, with 12th graders an. Be designed such that it allows for collection of information that can be used ( Yin, 1984 ) they! Relationship between student attendance and performance track and monitor it systematically was employed in this research a clear of. House ; 50-51 Bedford Row, 2006 examination and baseline report on some aspects of absenteeism organizations! By clicking the button above track and monitor it systematically other ethical issues include anonymity and confidentiality the. The excuse before granting it than their older counterparts place and an of! Because of standardized data collection protocols and tangible definitions of abstract concepts Elbert, N.F,,! Secondary school students tendency, cheating attitude and absenteeism attitude scales were to... Tower, Fujairah, PO Box 4422, UAE with each other, the model works as intended tips... Educational and career development, together with the psychological and emotional welfare the... Work if their expectations of the impact of absenteeism in the organization may be test scores or measurements reaction. Provide important clues as to what could potentially cause the prevalence of and. Out to the path of improvement of standardized data collection techniques were resorted to, namely, questionnaires interviews.
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